Difference between revisions of "Preservation"

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==Definition==
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'''Source: ''' [[Planning and Execution of Knowledge Management Assist Missions for Nuclear Organizations]]
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==Definition==
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== Summary==
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==Description==
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As an organization matures, the preservation of [[Implicit knowledge|implicit]] and [[Tacit knowledge|tacit knowledge]] will become more dominant, leading to preservation of process knowledge (work flow).
  
One paragaph summary which summarises the main ideas of the article.
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The main purpose of all KP efforts is to develop a KP mechanism in which knowledge is being preserved as it is created. In this way all types of knowledge — including explicit, implicit and tacit — will be captured. In order to achieve this, different methods and tools must be employed. Within the KM context, it is obvious that nuclear KP plays a vital role. Preserving existing [[Nuclear knowledge|nuclear knowledge]], specialist expertise, and in general preventing the loss of vital technical and historical information is starting to be recognized as strategically important to the nuclear industry, in particular for nuclear facilities. As such, the development of KP approaches and tools based on innovative approaches, including the use of modern
 
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== Description 1 ==
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Within the KM context, it is obvious that nuclear KP plays a vital role. Preserving existing nuclear
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knowledge, specialist expertise, and in general preventing the loss of vital technical and historical information is
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starting to be recognized as strategically important to the nuclear industry, in particular for nuclear facilities. As
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such, the development of KP approaches and tools based on innovative approaches, including the use of modern
+
 
information technology, are becoming a necessity.
 
information technology, are becoming a necessity.
  
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Organizations that do not pay attention to KP may face negative consequences (such as suffering losses or
 +
even worse, bankruptcy) if [[Critical knowledge|critical knowledge]] required by an organization is not preserved. In the case of the
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nuclear industry, if critical knowledge associated with regulation, construction, design, maintenance, operation and decommissioning is not preserved it can lead to incidents, accidents and other significant events. An example is the
 +
Okiluto-3 EPR NPP currently being constructed in Finland. The project experienced construction and welding
 +
problems because critical knowledge associated with methods and quality assurance had been lost among local
 +
contractors in Finland. This resulted in delays in construction.
  
The IAEA has formalized the definition of knowledge preservation to state (see Refs [1, 13]): “a process of
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One of the questions being raised concerning the 'nuclear renaissance' is the availability of critical knowledge
maintaining an organizational system of knowledge and capabilities that preserves and stores perceptions, actions
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required to forge large pressure vessels and steam generators. Recent surveys of suppliers indicate this capability
and experiences over time and secures the possibility of recall for the future.”
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has been lost in many countries because there was a long period of time in which no new reactors were built. It is
 
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believed that organizations which pay attention to KP and make it a part of their objectives tend to keep a
In this report, KP is viewed as including the processes required to capture, understand, archive, retrieve and
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competitive edge. This is likely the reason that more mature organizations are now concerned about the
protect explicit and tacit knowledge and to maintain accessibility and readability of it as technology evolves for as
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preservation of institutional memory. An underlying benefit of KP is that it helps to improve work processes and
long as the knowledge remains useful. KP can be seen as a process of maintaining an organizational system of
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therefore aids in transforming a regular organization into a ‘learning organization’.
knowledge and capabilities that preserves and stores perceptions, actions and experiences over time and secures the
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possibility of recall for the future. The preservation of knowledge is an important phase within the KM cycle, from
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creation to implementation (see Fig. 1). KP, as a component of KM, plays an important role in supporting the entire
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management system, which ensures the effectiveness of industrial business processes. The main factors and driving
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forces of such a management system are human resources, organizational structure and responsibilities, IT,
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leadership, and cooperative culture.
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[[File:Fraunhofer.PNG|thumb|right|500px|Fig. 1. [[Fraunhofer reference model]] for knowledge management]]
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Organizations that intentionally manage their experiences for them to be available for the future have to master three basic processes of knowledge management:
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*Select from the large number of organizational events, persons or experts and processes only those worth preserving;
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*Store their experience in a suitable form;
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*Ensure the setting up and operation of organizational memory.
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The preservation of tacit knowledge assumes the maintenance of core competencies, specialized expertise,
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and experience within an organization or industry. This is often referred to as knowledge retention and focuses on
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the human aspects of KM. The preservation of explicit knowledge, on the other hand, by definition assumes a
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knowledge repository or organizational memory system (OMS). A knowledge repository is a place to store and
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from which to retrieve explicit knowledge. A set of file folders are an example of a low technology knowledge
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repository. A high technology knowledge repository might be an OMS in the form of a database. Thus, KP
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underlies all aspects of KM, including the creation or generation of new knowledge (e.g. capturing knowledge as it
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is produced).
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'''Source: [[Comparative Analysis of Methods and Tools for Nuclear Knowledge Preservation]]'''
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== Description 2 ==
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The preservation of knowledge is an important building block within the knowledge management field. Organizations that intentionally manage their experiences for them to be available for the future have to master three basic processes of knowledge management:
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*select, from the large number of organizational events, persons or experts and processes, only those that are worth preserving;
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*store their experience in a suitable form;
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*ensure the setting up and operation of the organizational memory.
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'''Source: ''' [[Planning and Execution of Knowledge Management Assist Missions for Nuclear Organizations]]
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==References==
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[1] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Knowledge Management for Nuclear Industry Operating Organizations,
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IAEA-TECDOC-1510, IAEA, Vienna (2006).
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[13] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Nuclear Knowledge Management Glossary, IAEA, Vienna (2005).
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Depending on an organization’s level of KM maturity (i.e. the phase of development in KM processes), it may
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need to embark on KP as a means of preserving critical knowledge to secure its future.
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<!-- '''Source:''' [[Comparative Analysis of Methods and Tools for Nuclear Knowledge Preservation]] -->
  
 
==Related articles==
 
==Related articles==
  
[[Fraunhofer reference model]]
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[[Maintenance]]
 
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[[Tacit knowledge preservation at the institute of nuclear research, Romania]]
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[[Explicit knowledge preservation at the EC Joint Research Centre, Petten]]
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[[Tacit and explicit knowledge preservation at United Technical College and Kozloduy NPP, Bulgaria]]
 
  
[[Category:Knowledge processes]]
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[[Category:Preservation]]

Latest revision as of 15:43, 21 December 2015


Definition

The process of keeping knowledge in its original state

Description

As an organization matures, the preservation of implicit and tacit knowledge will become more dominant, leading to preservation of process knowledge (work flow).

The main purpose of all KP efforts is to develop a KP mechanism in which knowledge is being preserved as it is created. In this way all types of knowledge — including explicit, implicit and tacit — will be captured. In order to achieve this, different methods and tools must be employed. Within the KM context, it is obvious that nuclear KP plays a vital role. Preserving existing nuclear knowledge, specialist expertise, and in general preventing the loss of vital technical and historical information is starting to be recognized as strategically important to the nuclear industry, in particular for nuclear facilities. As such, the development of KP approaches and tools based on innovative approaches, including the use of modern information technology, are becoming a necessity.

Organizations that do not pay attention to KP may face negative consequences (such as suffering losses or even worse, bankruptcy) if critical knowledge required by an organization is not preserved. In the case of the nuclear industry, if critical knowledge associated with regulation, construction, design, maintenance, operation and decommissioning is not preserved it can lead to incidents, accidents and other significant events. An example is the Okiluto-3 EPR NPP currently being constructed in Finland. The project experienced construction and welding problems because critical knowledge associated with methods and quality assurance had been lost among local contractors in Finland. This resulted in delays in construction.

One of the questions being raised concerning the 'nuclear renaissance' is the availability of critical knowledge required to forge large pressure vessels and steam generators. Recent surveys of suppliers indicate this capability has been lost in many countries because there was a long period of time in which no new reactors were built. It is believed that organizations which pay attention to KP and make it a part of their objectives tend to keep a competitive edge. This is likely the reason that more mature organizations are now concerned about the preservation of institutional memory. An underlying benefit of KP is that it helps to improve work processes and therefore aids in transforming a regular organization into a ‘learning organization’.

Depending on an organization’s level of KM maturity (i.e. the phase of development in KM processes), it may need to embark on KP as a means of preserving critical knowledge to secure its future.

Related articles

Maintenance